1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

Introduction: A revolutionary cipher -- Cryptology before 1500: a bit of magic -- The black chambers: 1500-1776 -- Crypto goes to war: the American Revolution -- Crypto goes to war: the American Civil ...

We recently published 10 Stocks Facing Selling Pressure Ahead of Christmas. Cipher Mining Inc. (NASDAQ:CIFR) is one of the biggest losers on Monday. Cipher Mining saw its share prices drop by 13.55 ...

Cipher Mining has already begun shifting from pure Bitcoin mining toward AI and high‑performance computing data centers, backed by long-term hyperscale leasing agreements with Amazon Web Services and ...

Copilot integration in Microsoft 365 apps makes it a snap to generate first drafts, revise text, and get instant summaries for long docs or email threads. Here’s how to use Copilot for writing ...

That's where they write, test, and debug code before pushing it to production. AI coding agents can now do some of this work. Vibe coding for serious engineers is still evolving. Amazon's Kiro tool ...

Cipher Mining (CIFR) has quietly turned into one of the stronger performers in crypto infrastructure, with the stock climbing sharply this year as investors reassess its data center scale and exposure ...

The ChatGPT-maker is releasing its “best model yet” as it faces new pressures from Google and other AI competitors. OpenAI has introduced GPT-5.2, its smartest artificial intelligence model yet, with ...

Every December, Google releases its ‘Year in Search’ roundup, highlighting the terms that captured public curiosity. In 2025, India’s search trends reflected a mix of cultural curiosity and ...