This Timeline article charts progress in mathematical modelling of cancer over the past 50 years, highlighting the different theoretical approaches that have been used to dissect the disease and the ...

Researchers have proposed a unifying mathematical framework that helps explain why many successful multimodal AI systems work.

Figure 1: Internal-model control systems for voluntary movement and mental activity. The aim of this Perspective is to elaborate on previous descriptions of the internal-model hypothesis for the ...

In 2025, large language models moved beyond benchmarks to efficiency, reliability, and integration, reshaping how AI is ...

Randomness inside cells can decide whether a cancer returns after chemotherapy or whether an infection survives antibiotics. Even cells with the same DNA can act differently because their molecules ...

Gen AI in software engineering has moved well beyond autocomplete. The emerging frontier is agentic coding: AI systems ...

OpenAI wanted GPT-5 to be less warm and agreeable than its predecessor. Some neurodivergent people struggled with the change, ...

Will Kenton is an expert on the economy and investing laws and regulations. He previously held senior editorial roles at Investopedia and Kapitall Wire and holds a MA in Economics from The New School ...

Polarized light is one of the most powerful tools scientists have for peering inside matter, yet the way it twists, scatters ...

Antibiotics are designed to eliminate bacteria by disrupting processes tied to growth and division. Yet in many infections, a small subset of bacterial cells survives treatment and later reignites ...

anthropomorphism: When humans tend to give nonhuman objects humanlike characteristics. In AI, this can include believing a ...

This study presents SynaptoGen, a differentiable extension of connectome models that links gene expression, protein-protein interaction probabilities, synaptic multiplicity, and synaptic weights, and ...